The second-leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States is colorectal cancer, which can be either colon or rectal cancer. More than 135,000 Americans are diagnosed with this cancer each year—90% of those diagnosed are over the age of 50—56,000 die.

Risk Factors

• Family history

• History of colorectal polyps or chronic inflammatory bowel disease

• Diet consisting of mostly animal sources

• Physical inactivity

• Smokers are 30-40% more likely than nonsmokers to die from colorectal cancer. Smoking may be responsible for causing about 12% of fatal colorectal cancers

• Obesity

• Aging - Risk increases for those over age 50

• Diabetics have a 30-40% increased chance of developing this form of cancer

• High alcohol intake

Symptoms

• A change in bowel habits

• Blood in the stool that is either bright red or very dark

• Stools that are narrower than normal

• Abdominal discomfort, such as gas pain, fullness, cramps and bloating

• Unexplained weight loss

• Fatigue

Prevention

• Screenings

• Maintain a healthy weight

• Be physically active

• Don't smoke

How is Colorectal Cancer Found?

• Fecal occult blood test (stool blood test)

• Flexible sigmoidoscopy

• Colonoscopy

• Virtual colonoscopy

• Barium enema with air contrast

• Digital rectal examination

To learn more about colorectal cancer—preventive measures, treatments and screenings—click through the links on the right.

By Mary Whitmore, Content Editor
Sources: American Cancer Society, Healthwise, Mayo Clinic

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